Tạp chí Y học Cộng đồng

1. OUTCOMES OF OUTPATIENT HYSTEROSCOPY IN INFERTILE WOMEN AT THE NATIONAL HOSPITAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY

Nguyen Thi Thu Ha, Nguyen Viet Quang, Ho Sy Hung, Vu Thi Diem Huong — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Outpatient hysteroscopy is an effective and safe diagnostic and therapeutic method for detecting intrauterine lesions in infertile women, especially in those with suggestive abnormalities or previous assisted reproductive failures.

Objectives: To evaluate the outcomes of outpatient hysteroscopy in infertile patients at the National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Methods: A descriptive study (combining retrospective and prospective data) was conducted on 149 infertile patients undergoing outpatient hysteroscopy at the National Center for Reproductive Assistance, National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, from November 2024 to April 2025.

Results: The mean age of the study population was 36.1 ± 5.2 years, with 64.4% of patients aged over 35. The median duration of infertility was 3 years (range: 1–28 years). Most patients had no prior intrauterine interventions (81.2%) and no history of uterine surgery (77.9%). Ultrasound detected intrauterine cavity abnormalities in 53.7% of cases (80/149), whereas hysterosalpingography (HSG) identified abnormalities in only 40% (14/35). The indication for diagnostic hysteroscopy is about 40.3%, including consecutive failed preimplantation (35.6%) and recurrent miscarriage (4.7%). Outpatient hysteroscopy confirmed intrauterine pathology in 81.2% of cases, predominantly endometrial polyps (46.3%), endometritis (16.1%), and intrauterine adhesions (18.1%). Interventions during hysteroscopy included polypectomy (46.3%), adhesiolysis of the uterine cavity (18.1%), submucosal myomectomy (1.3%), and endometrial biopsy (2.7%). The median procedure time was 8 minutes (range: 3–30 minutes), with no complications reported. The median volume of saline used was 800 ml (range: 60–3000 ml). Ultrasound showed strong agreement with hysteroscopy in diagnosing polyps (Kappa = 0.824; p < 0.001), whereas HSG demonstrated poor agreement in detecting both polyps and intrauterine adhesions (Kappa < 0.2; p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Office hysteroscopy is an effective tool for detecting intrauterine lesions in infertile patients. It allows both diagnosis and intervention in a short duration and is safe for the patient.

2. PREGNANCY OUTCOMES IN WOMEN WITH SEVERE PREECLAMPSIA AND ECLAMPSIA AT ADMISSION AT THE NATIONAL HOSPITAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Nguyen Thi Thu Ha , Dao Thi Hoa, Nguyen Thi Huyen Linh, Pham Vinh An — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objectives: To describe the characteristics and pregnancy outcomes of women diagnosed with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia who were admitted for emergency care at the National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 115 pregnant women diagnosed with severe preeclampsia or eclampsia who presented to the Emergency Department of the National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology between June 2024 and March 2025.

Results: The mean age of participants was 32.07 ± 6.9 years, with 38.3% aged 35 years or older. Clinical symptoms included edema (87.8%), blurred vision (14.8%), and headache (27%). At admission, 28.7% of women had stage 1 hypertension, 44.3% had stage 2 hypertension, and 25.2% had stage 3 hypertension. Severe preeclampsia accounted for 97.4% of cases, while 2.6% were diagnosed with eclampsia. HELLP syndrome was observed in 10.4% of patients, placental abruption in 0.9%, and 2.6% experienced other complications such as acute renal failure, pleural effusion, or coexisting Basedow’s disease. Regarding management, 99.1% of women underwent cesarean section, and 4.3% required referral to another facility. A total of 90.4% were treated with two or more antihypertensive medications, and 63.2% received intravenous magnesium sulfate (15%) for seizure prophylaxis. Following treatment and postpartum care, 95.7% of patients were discharged in stable condition. The mean gestational age at delivery was 33 ± 2.9 the mean neonatal birth weight was 1680 ± 680.4 grams. The live birth rate was 97.5%.

Conclusion: Edema, headache, and blurred vision were the most common presenting symptoms among women with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia. The vast majority of cases were diagnosed as severe preeclampsia, and elective cesarean section was the predominant mode of delivery. Maternal outcomes were generally favorable, with most patients discharged in stable condition and a high fetal survival rate observed. These results underscore the importance of early recognition and timely management of preeclampsia and eclampsia to improve maternal and perinatal outcomes.

3. INVESTIGATION OF BK VIRUS INFECTION CHARACTERISTICS IN PATIENTS WITH END-STAGE CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE BEFORE KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION AT MILITARY HOSPITAL 103

T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objectives: Investigate BK (Human polyomavirus) virus infection characteristics and their association with selected clinical and subclinical features in end-stage renal disease patients before kidney transplantation.

Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study, including 80 kidney transplant patients and 80 healthy kidney donors at Military Hospital 103. Venous blood samples were collected and anticoagulated with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). BK-IgG antibodies were detected using the ELISA kit.

Results and discussions: In a cohort of 80 patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease, 21.3% (17/80) tested seropositive for BK-IgG, while 78.7% (63/80) were seronegative, showing no significant difference compared to the healthy control group. The prevalence of BK virus seropositivity was not significantly associated with age, gender, body mass index (BMI), etiology of renal failure, duration of dialysis, pre-transplant dialysis modality, or anemia status.

Conclusion: Latent BK virus infection was detected at a significant prevalence using serological methods in end-stage chronic kidney disease patients before kidney transplantation.

4. CURRENT STATUS OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION ACTIVITIES IN HOSPITALS UNDER THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH IN 2024

T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This study aims to assess the current state of health communication activities at hospitals under Vietnam’s Ministry of Health in 2024, focusing on human resources, infrastructure, funding, communication tools, and the utilization of media platforms.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at 35 hospitals nationwide. Data were collected from 2024 institutional reports and semi-structured online surveys with health education communication (HEC) officers. A total population sampling method was applied. Quantitative data were analyzed using Epidata 3.1 and SPSS 20.0 for descriptive statistics, while qualitative responses were thematically analyzed using a deductive approach.

Results: The findings revealed that the average number of personnel involved in communication activities per hospital was 9.14, with part-time staff (5.29) outnumbering full-time staff (3.86). Most personnel held university degrees and had more than five years of experience. The average communication budget per hospital was 190.57 million VND, mainly from hospital self-financing. All hospitals had dedicated communication rooms, with an average of 25 communication corners and essential communication tools. Facebook, websites, and fanpages were the most commonly used channels, with content updated on a weekly or more frequent basis. Despite efforts, many hospitals did not fully meet their communication activity targets in terms of volume and content quality.

Conclusion: While health communication infrastructure and multi-channel outreach strategies are in place, challenges remain in workforce adequacy, funding disparities, and evaluation practices. To enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of hospital communication systems, increased investment in human resources, modern technologies, and structured performance evaluation mechanisms is urgently needed.

5. PATIENT SATISFACTION AT THANH HOA PROVINCIAL ONCOLOGY HOSPITAL IN 2024 AND SOME RELATED FACTORS

Le Thi Phuong, Nguyen Ha Thu, Le Thi Huong — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To describe patient satisfaction at the Examination Department of Thanh Hoa Provincial Oncology Hospital in 2024 and identify factors associated with satisfaction.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 126 patients visiting the Examination Department of Thanh Hoa Provincial Oncology Hospital in 2024, who voluntarily participated.

Result: Of the 126 patients, 13.5% were male and 86.5% were female. The overall satisfaction rate was 92.5%, with the highest satisfaction for facilities and equipment (94.1%) and the lowest for service delivery outcomes (90.7%). Age, gender, and health insurance use were not found to be associated with satisfaction. Education level influenced satisfaction with facilities, waiting time for registration, and staff attitude; patients with high school education have higher reported lower satisfaction (80.4%, 83.9%, and 89.3%, respectively) compared to those with less than high school education (100%, 97.1%, and 100%), with p < 0.001 and p < 0.05. Marital status was associated with satisfaction regarding waiting time for registration; married or widowed patients had lower satisfaction (33.33%) compared to single or married patients (100% and 92.50%), with p < 0.05.

Conclusion: Most patients were satisfied with the services at Thanh Hoa Provincial Oncology Hospital. However, some dissatisfaction persists, influenced by education level and marital status. Continuous improvements are needed to enhance satisfaction for all patients.

6. A GIANT MUCOCELE OF THE ETHMOIDAL SINUS WITH ORBITAL COMPLICATIONS ON THE SAME SIDE: A CASE REPORT

Nguyen Trieu Viet, Tran Minh Hanh, Nguyen Thi Ngoc Lien — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

A giant ethmoidal mucocele causing orbital compression with vision loss is extremely rare. This article reports a case of a 62-year-old female with a giant mucocele in the ethmoidal sinus, presenting with progressive bulging and blurred vision in the left eye for three months. The patient underwent endonasal endoscopic surgery, resulting in successful recovery of vision and normal eye movement without proptosis.

7. A VERY RARE CASE OF FISH BONE IN SUBMANDIBULAR SALIVARY GLAND CAUSING INFLAMMATION. A CASE REPORT.

Nguyen Trieu Viet, Tran Khoi Nguyen, Tran Minh Hanh — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

In the Mekong Delta, fish is a popular food, especially fish with small, hard bones, and people have a habit of eating quickly. Hence, they are the most common foreign objects in the oropharyngeal cavity among most patients. A 67-year-old male patient presented to our clinic with a painful swelling in the submandibular gland region that had persisted for five weeks. He did not recall any previous history of foreign objects entering the area, either through the oral cavity or the skin. The patient reported that the swelling had decreased in size after receiving treatment at a local hospital, but it did not fully resolve. By using the echography and CT scan, we determined the foreign body in the submandibular gland (suspecting a fish bone). So the patient was undergoing an operation to remove the foreign body, after the surgery, we removed one fish bone (about 15-16mm in length). This is a sporadic case of a fish bone in the submandibular gland without the penetrating site at the oropharyngeal cavity or skin. Therefore, in a patient with swelling of the gland like this, one should undergo imaging tests to determine the cause and establish a correct treatment.

8. LIVER CANCER IN VIETNAM AND ASIA FROM 2013 TO 2023: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL TRENDS AND CONTRIBUTING RISK FACTORS – A SCOPING REVIEW

Hoang Phuong Thao, Nguyen Le Tuan Anh, Le Thi Huong — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objectives: This scoping review explored liver cancer incidence, mortality trends, and risk factors in Vietnam and Asia from 2013 to 2023, using the PCC framework (Population, Concept, Context).

Methods: Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Vietnamese sources. Eligible studies were selected and synthesized thematically to provide a comprehensive view.

Results: Thirty-three studies were included. Vietnam and several Asian countries reported some of the highest liver cancer rates globally, with age-standardized incidence rates reaching 20.2 per 100,000 in Vietnam, 25.7 in China, and 31.0 in Mongolia, according to GLOBOCAN 2022 data. Major risk factors include HBV/HCV infections, aflatoxin exposure, alcohol, metabolic disorders, environmental pollution, and poor healthcare access.

Conclusions: The burden of liver cancer remains high in Vietnam and Asia. Comprehensive public health interventions addressing both infectious and lifestyle-related factors, along with improvements in healthcare infrastructure, are urgently needed to address the growing health challenges.

9. SOME CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS IN MYASTHENIA GRAVIS PATIENTS AT MILITARY HOSPITAL 103

T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and depressive disorders in patients with myasthenia gravis.

Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 83 myasthenia gravis patients treated at the 103 Military Hospital from July 2024 to March 2025.

Results: Most patients had an education level ranging from primary to secondary school (61.45%), and manual laborers accounted for a high proportion (57.83%). The mean age of disease onset was 45.2 years, with later onset in males compared to females. The average disease duration was 8.2 years, with 69.88% having the disease for over 4 years. The prevalence of depressive disorders was 45.78%, predominantly moderate in severity (68.42%). There was no significant association between depression and education level, occupation, or age of onset (p > 0.05). Depression severity increased with disease duration, with the highest prevalence in patients with disease duration over 4 years (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Depressive disorders are common in patients with myasthenia gravis, with a positive correlation between disease duration and depression severity. Occupation, education level, and age of onset showed no clear impact on depression.

10. CURRENT STATUS AND CONTINUING EDUCATION NEEDS OF HEALTHCARE WORKERS AT NONG NGHIEP GENERAL HOSPITAL

Hoang Thi Oanh, Nguyen Thi Binh An — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To assess the current status and training needs related to continuing medical education (CME) among healthcare personnel at Nong Nghiep General Hospital.

Research subjects and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted involving 385 healthcare workers, comprising 85 physicians and 300 nurses currently employed at Nong Nghiep General Hospital. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with three sections: demographic information, participation in CME activities during the 2023–2024 period, and perceived training needs. Face-to-face interviews were used for data collection. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS software, with descriptive statistics including means and proportions.

Results and Conclusions: More than 85% of respondents reported participating in at least one form of continuing medical education (CME) during the study period, with the most common formats being professional training workshops and academic conferences. However, only 64.2% met the required threshold of 48 training hours over a two-year period. Physicians exhibited higher levels of participation and greater demand than nurses, especially in academic activities such as research and teaching. Overall, the demand for CME was substantial (over 90%), though a notable gap remained between expressed needs and actual participation. The findings underscore the need to diversify CME formats, introduce more flexible scheduling, and implement supportive policies tailored to professional roles, thereby enhancing the effectiveness and accessibility of continuing education at the hospital.

11. EVALUATION OF TREATMENT OUTCOMES FOR NON-OPERATIVE MANAGEMENT OF BLUNT RENAL TRAUMA AT PEOPLE'S HOSPITAL 115

Truong Hoang Minh, Do Ngoc The, Hoang Ngoc Khanh, Do Trung Nam — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To evaluate the non-operative management outcomes of blunt renal trauma and associated factors at People's Hospital 115.

Subjects and Methods: A combined retrospective and prospective cohort study. All cases of blunt renal trauma were treated at People's Hospital 115 from January 2021 to April 2025. The prospective phase was conducted from April 2024 to April 2025, while the retrospective phase spanned from January 2021 to March 2024.

Results:

The mean age of patients was 41.4 ± 17.2 years, with the 20–39 age group being the most affected (40%). Conservative management was the primary treatment modality, applied in 74% of cases, and mainly indicated for low- to moderate-grade injuries. JJ stent placement and angioembolization were performed in 18% and 8% of patients, respectively. Good treatment outcomes were achieved in 84% of patients, with no conversions to open surgery or in-hospital deaths. Complications occurred in only 4% of cases. A statistically significant association was found between treatment outcomes and both injury grade (p = 0.032) and treatment method (p = 0.029). Among patients with good outcomes, 61.9% had a hospital stay of 7 days or longer, while all patients with fair outcomes were hospitalized for 7 days or longer. The difference in hospital stay length between the two groups was statistically significant (p = 0.043).

Conclusion:

Non-operative management of blunt renal trauma, particularly in hemodynamically stable patients with low- to moderate-grade injuries, is effective and associated with favorable outcomes and low complication rates. The findings support a conservative-first approach, with selective use of JJ stents or angioembolization based on injury severity.

12. CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENTIATED THYROID CARCINOMA AT MILITARY HOSPITAL 175

Le Minh Phong, Ha Bao Xuyen, Nguyen Thanh Chung — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To describe the clinical and histopathological characteristics of differentiated thyroid cancer at Military Hospital 175.

Subjects and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study combined with a prospective design was conducted on 42 patients diagnosed with differentiated thyroid cancer at Military Hospital 175 from July 2022 to January 2024.

Results: The mean age of patients was 45.8 ± 9.6 years, with a predominance of females (71.4%). Papillary carcinoma accounted for the majority of histopathological types (90.5%), with capsular invasion in 11.9% and invasion of adjacent organs in 4.8% of cases. The disease stages were predominantly T1 and T2 (64.3%), with no lymph node metastasis (76.2%) and no distant metastasis (97.6%). There were significant associations between age, gender, tumor size, and the status of lymph node metastasis and capsular invasion (p<0.05). Within one year post-surgery, the recurrence-free rate was 92.9%, with local recurrence at 4.7% and distant recurrence at 2.4%.

Conclusion: Differentiated thyroid cancer has a favorable prognosis with a high one-year recurrence-free rate. However, risk factors such as tumor size and invasion status should be carefully considered in diagnosis and treatment.

13. CURRENT SITUATION OF CONTINUING MEDICAL EDUCATION FOR PHYSICIANS AT BINH DUONG PROVINCIAL GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2023

T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To assess the current status of continuing medical education (CME) for physicians at Binh Duong General Hospital during the first nine months of 2023.

Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 218 physicians who voluntarily participated by completing a self-administered, anonymous questionnaire.

Results: The proportion of physicians assigned to CME activities was 90.4%. Physicians with a professional practice certificate were more likely to participate (93.3%) than those without (81.8%) (p < 0.05). The average appropriateness score for the training courses was 3.82 out of 5, with 10.6% rating them as very appropriate and 59.6% as applicable. Physicians holding a license to practice were 3.1 times more likely to participate in CME compared to those without a license.

Conclusion: The hospital's CME activities demonstrated high physician participation. However, it is necessary to enhance communication about CME regulations and continue improving the quality of training programs in the future.

14. CLINICAL AND PARACLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE PANCREATITIS DUE TO HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA

Bui Duc Thanh, Diep Hong Khang — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis due to hypertriglyceridemia.

Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 71 patients diagnosed with hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis from January 2023 to December 2024.

Results: Among the 71 patients, the mean age was 42.5 ± 10.2 years, and 67.6% were male. Common symptoms included abdominal pain (100%), nausea/vomiting (91.5%), and abdominal distension (87.3%). The mean serum triglyceride level was 1200 ± 650 mg/dL, and the mean blood glucose level was 150 ± 45 mg/dL. The proportions of patients with mild, moderate, and severe pancreatitis were 39.4%, 35.2%, and 25.4%, respectively. Severe cases were associated with higher triglyceride and glucose levels as well as delayed hospital admission (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Acute pancreatitis due to hypertriglyceridemia commonly affects middle-aged men, with disease severity associated with metabolic disturbances and delayed hospital presentation.

15. CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS, PARACLINICAL FINDINGS, AND TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT OF MILITARY HOSPITAL 175

Bui Duc Thanh, Tran Quoc Viet — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics and evaluate treatment outcomes of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).

Subjects and Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on 76 patients diagnosed with ventilator-associated pneumonia, treated in the Intensive Care Unit at Military Hospital 175 from November 2023 to December 2024.

Results: Among the 76 patients studied, late-onset VAP (≥5 days) accounted for a higher proportion (63.2%) compared to early-onset VAP (<5 days) (36.8%). The majority were male (65.8%) with a mean age of 62.3 ± 14.1 years. Common comorbidities included diabetes mellitus (18.4%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (11.8%). Most patients had cerebral hemorrhage (59.2%) and required intubation due to coma (60.5%). Clinical signs included fever (72.4%), leukocytosis (76.3%), hypoxemia (PaO₂/FiO₂ <200 in 51.3%), with a mean Glasgow Coma Scale score of 9.1 ± 2.5 and SOFA score of 5.1 ± 2.4. Gram-negative bacteria were predominant, with Klebsiella pneumoniae (22.4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.7%), and Acinetobacter baumannii (18.4%) being the most frequently isolated pathogens. The average duration of mechanical ventilation was 8.2 ± 2.6 days, and ICU stay was 10.5 ± 3.1 days. The clinical stabilization rate was 63.2%. Late-onset VAP was significantly associated with age ≥65 years (p=0.012), leukocytosis (p=0.048), elevated procalcitonin (p=0.004), hypoxemia (p=0.001), and multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria (p=0.003).

Conclusion: Late-onset VAP accounted for the majority of cases (63.2%), predominantly affecting elderly patients and associated with MDR Gram-negative bacteria. Risk factors such as hypoxemia and elevated procalcitonin were significantly related. The findings highlight the critical need for stringent infection control measures in patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation.

16. OUTCOMES OF TRANSORAL ENDOSCOPIC THYROIDECTOMY VESTIBULAR APPROACH AT MILITARY HOSPITAL 175

Le Minh Phong, Le Minh Tan, Nguyen Thanh Chung — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of the transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) at Military Hospital 175.

Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study combined with a prospective clinical interventional design without a control group was conducted on 69 patients who underwent TOETVA at Military Hospital 175 from July 2022 to July 2024.

Results: The study, conducted on 69 patients, revealed an average age of 46.5 ± 10.8 years, with females accounting for the majority (79.7%). The proportion of patients without postoperative complications was 81.2%. The most common complications were neck swelling (7.3%), temporary hypocalcemia (17.4%), and surgical site infection (4.3%). Total thyroidectomy had a higher complication rate compared to lobectomy (21.7% vs. 13.0%, p<0.05). The average hospital stay was 2.8 ± 1.3 days, with 72.5% of patients discharged within two days.

Conclusion: TOETVA is a safe and effective surgical method with a low complication rate and rapid recovery time, meeting patients' aesthetic and therapeutic needs.

17. EVALUATION OF A COMPETITIVE IMMUNOASSAY DIPSTICK TEST FOR THE DETECTION OF AFLATOXIN B1 AT LABORATORY SCALE

T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To determine key technical parameters of a competitive immunoassay dipstick for the rapid detection of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1).

Methods: Optimization was carried out for several parameters, including the concentration of coating antigen on the test line, storage conditions of the antibody–gold nanoparticle conjugate, the composition of the running buffer, and the volumes of reagents applied during testing.

Results: The developed test strip demonstrated a detection limit of 0.01 µg/mL, with no cross-reactivity observed against standard samples of Aflatoxin M1, Ochratoxin A, and Patulin at tested concentrations. The test exhibited a sensitivity of 87.5% and a specificity of 95%. Conclusion: A competitive immunoassay dipstick test for the rapid detection of AFB1 was successfully developed by optimizing the antibody–gold conjugation process, the running buffer composition, and strip configuration. The test shows strong potential for on-site AFB1 screening in food safety monitoring.

18. KNOWLEDGE ABOUT CEREBRAL STROKE PREVENTION AMONG HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS AT NINH BINH PROVINCIAL GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2023 AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS

Tran Thi Nhi, Pham Thi Thuy Lien, Vu Thi En, Pham Thi Huong Xuan — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: Describe the knowledge about cerebral stroke prevention among hypertensive patients at Ninh Binh Provincial General Hospital in 2023.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 222 hypertensive patients managed at the Cardiovascular Clinic, Examination Department, Ninh Binh Provincial General Hospital from March 2023 to June 2023..

Results: Over 90% of patients knew the common symptoms and prevention of stroke. However, only 44.1% of patients reported that sudden memory loss was a sign of stroke. 69.4% of patients had good knowledge, while 30.6% had poor knowledge about stroke prevention. Patients with a higher education level had better knowledge about stroke prevention than those with a lower education level,

Conclusion: Stroke prevention in hypertensive patients was significant in improving health and quality of life, reducing the incidence of other chronic diseases, so it is necessary to strengthen health education for patients.

19. QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE OLDER PEOPLE WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN THAI BINH

Ta Quang Thanh, Le Dinh Thanh, Nguyen Van Chuyen — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To assess the quality of life of older people with cardiovascular diseases in Thai Binh province in 2024.

Subjects and research methods: A cross-sectional study in the community. The research subjects were 264 older people (≥ 60 years old) with cardiovascular diseases living in 5 communes in Dong Hung district, Thai Binh, from April 2024 to June 2024.

Results: The average score of the quality of life of the older people with cardiovascular diseases in general (0.5431) was significantly lower than the quality of life of the older people aged 65 years and older in the general population (0.89), as well as significantly lower than the quality of life of the older people with cardiovascular diseases in Hanoi (0.7176). Only people with rheumatic heart disease had a better quality of life (0.8351). The diseases that have the most significant impact on the lives and activities of patients are cerebrovascular disease (0.2325), pulmonary heart disease, and pulmonary circulation (0.2308). Anxiety, sadness, pain, and/or discomfort are the factors that most affect the quality of life.

Conclusion: Health education and propaganda efforts are necessary to help older people comprehend the illness and feel comfortable receiving treatment, in order to improve their quality of life.

20. ACCURACY OF SONOGRAPHIC FETAL WEIGHT ESTIMATION USING THE HADLOCK III FORMULA AT THE NATIONAL HOSPITAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY

Nguyen Ngoc Minh Hai, Tran Bao Son, Nguyen Thi Bich Van — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the Hadlock III formula in estimating fetal weight at the National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hanoi, Vietnam.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 268 singleton term pregnancies (37–41 weeks) at the National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Estimated fetal weight (EFW) was calculated using the Hadlock III formula based on biparietal diameter, head circumference, and femur length. Actual birth weight was measured immediately after delivery. Accuracy was assessed using mean percentage error (MPE), absolute percentage error (APE), and the prediction accuracy rate (APE ≤10%). Agreement was evaluated using Bland-Altman plots and Spearman correlation.

Results: The mean percentage error was –0.47%, and the prediction accuracy rate was 82.4%. Bland-Altman analysis showed a mean bias of 50.96g with 95% limits of agreement from –460.99g to 562.91g. Accuracy was reduced in birth weight extremes (<2500g and >4000g). No significant associations were found with maternal age, parity, gestational age, or fetal sex. A significant negative correlation was observed between birth weight and MPE (ρ = –0.351, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The Hadlock III formula demonstrated high accuracy in fetal weight estimation among term pregnancies in a Vietnamese population and is a reliable tool in routine obstetric practice, particularly in settings where abdominal circumference measurement is limited.

21. LAPAROSCOPIC SURGICAL TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS IN PREGNANT WOMEN AT HA DONG GENERAL HOSPITAL

Nguyen Huu Sam, Bui Duc Duy — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: Thís research aiming to describe and comprehensively evaluate the laparoscopic surgical (LS) treatment outcomes of acute appendicitis (AA) in pregnant women at Ha Dong General Hospital.

Research Method: A retrospective, descriptive study was conducted on 34 pregnant patients diagnosed with AA and treated with LS at Ha Dong General Hospital from January 1, 2021, to Dêcember 31, 2024. Data on patient characteristics, clinical and subclinical progression, detailed surgical techniques, complications, recovery time, and final treatment outcomes were collected and analyzed.

Results: The average patient age was 30.6 ± 6.6 years, and the average gestational age was 15.1 ± 7.9 weeks. All patients (100%) underwent successful LS. The mean operative time was 42.5 ± 13.6 minutes; the group with AA complicated by peritonitis had a longer operative time (57.7 ± 7.5 minutes) compared to the uncomplicated AA group (37.2 ± 10.3 minutes) (p<0.05). The main intraoperative diagnoses were purulent appendicitis (73.5%) and peritonitis due to AA (23.6%). The postoperative complication rate was low (5.8%), including one case (2.9%) of threatened miscarriage and one case (2.9%) of fever of unknown origin; both were managed successfully. The average postoperative hospital stay was 5.2 ± 1.3 days. Overall treatment outcome assessment: 97% of patients achieved good results, 3% achieved fair results, and no poor outcomes were recorded.

Conclusion: LS is a highly safe and effective treatment method for AA in pregnant women at Ha Dong General Hospital. Treatment outcomes are compromising by reasonable operative times, low complication rates, rapid recovery, and high treatment success rates, even in cases of AA complicated by peritonitis.

22. STRESS ASSOCIATED NEGLECT AND NEGATIVE REACTIONS ON SOCIAL MEDIA AMONG FIRST-YEAR MEDICAL DOCTOR STUDENTS IN 2024

T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To explore the social media-related stress levels and to analyze the associated factors among first-year medical students at Phenikaa University.

Methods: The cross-sectional study included 219 first-year students enrolled in a six-year program in Medicine, Dentistry, or Traditional Medicine at Phenikaa University, Hanoi, Vietnam. A structured questionnaire was used, covering three domains: socio-demographic information, health risk behaviors, and social media-related stress. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to explore the associations between social media-related stress scores and covariates.

Results: The median stress score was 8 (interquartile range [IQR]: 4–12) for social media neglect and 12 (IQR: 6–13) for negative reactions on social media. Students who smoked had significantly higher scores of stress related to neglect (by 4.5 points) and stress related to negative reactions (by 4.7 points) compared to non-smoking students. Additionally, students who used social media for more than two hours before sleep reported higher stress scores, while those who studied for at least two hours per day had significantly lower stress scores from neglect

Conclusions: Stress related to social media neglect and negative reactions was more prevalent among first-year medical students at Phenikaa University who smoked or spent over two hours on social media before bedtime. Conversely, students who dedicated more time to self-study experienced lower levels of stress from neglect. These findings highlight the importance of promoting healthier lifestyle choices and academic habits among first-year medical students.

23. ANALYSIS OF INPATIENT TREATMENT FOR HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS AT TAM DAO HEALTH CENTER IN 2024-2025

T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objectives: To conduct an in-depth analysis of inpatient management patterns and clinical characteristics among hypertensive patients admitted to Tam Dao Health Center between 2024 and 2025.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was performed, encompassing all hospitalization episodes of patients diagnosed with arterial hypertension at Tam Dao Health Center from June 2024 to June 2025. Data were systematically extracted from electronic health records via the eMRHIS platform. Key variables included the total number of pharmacological agents prescribed, duration of hospitalization, presence of comorbid conditions, and utilization of antihypertensive agents across the five principal therapeutic drug classes.

Results: A total of 333 inpatient episodes involving hypertensive patients were analyzed. Length of stay ranged from 1 to 17 days, with the majority of admissions lasting between 1 and 8 days. Patients received between 1 and 10 pharmacological agents per hospitalization. The prevalence of comorbidities was 37.2%, with cardiovascular diseases accounting for 16.5% and dyslipidemia 13.8% of cases. The most frequently prescribed antihypertensive classes were calcium channel blockers (73.57%), diuretics (69.37%), and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (34.83%).

Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive epidemiological and pharmacotherapeutic profile of hypertensive inpatients at a district-level healthcare facility. Findings underscore the clinical complexity of hypertension management in the inpatient setting, highlighting significant rates of polypharmacy and multimorbidity. The results advocate for the implementation of risk-stratified therapeutic approaches and contribute practical evidence to inform guideline-concordant blood pressure management in primary and secondary care settings.

24. CLINICAL, SUBCLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND TREATMENT RESULTS OF NEONATAL RESPIRATORY DISTRESS IN NEWBORN INFANTS AT THE NEONATAL PEDIATRIC DEPARTMENT, XANH PON GENERAL HOSPITAL, HANOI

Lam Thai Viet, Luu Thi Hoa — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: Describe clinical and paraclinical characteristics and treatment results of respiratory failure in newborns at the neonatal department of Xanh Pon General Hospital in 2023 - 2024.

Subject and method: Study subjects: 258 medical records of neonates with respiratory distress treated at Xanh Pon General Hospital. Study design: Descriptive, retrospective data analysis.

Results: In our study, the proportion of male neonates (67.4%) was higher than that of female neonates (32.6%) and was predominant in both age groups. Neonates ≤1 day old accounted for the majority (67.4%), while those >1 day old comprised 32.6%. The most common clinical sign of respiratory distress was tachypnea >60 breaths/min (79.5%), cyanosis (79.1%). Laboratory findings included leukopenia in 15.5%, anemia in 17.8%, and thrombocytopenia in 5.8% of neonates. Hypoalbuminemia was observed in 72.9%, hypoglycemia in 19.8%, and elevated CRP levels in 36%. The referral rate to higher-level hospitals was 1.9%. A high proportion of neonates with respiratory distress required respiratory support, with oxygen therapy being the most common (33.7%), followed by CPAP (22.5%) and mechanical ventilation (17.4%). All cases (100%) required antibiotic treatment.

Conclusion: Respiratory distress in neonates presents with diverse clinical and paraclinical features, varying according to gestational age. The majority of affected neonates required respiratory support, yet most responded well to treatment.

25. CURRENT STATUS OF NURSING CARE FOR PATIENTS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT, THANH HOA PROVINCIAL GENERAL HOSPITAL, 2021

Nguyen Thi Thu Huong — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To describe the current status of nursing care based on feedback from inpatients treated at the Intensive Care Unit of Thanh Hoa Provincial General Hospital in 2021.

Subject and method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 245 inpatients receiving treatment in the Intensive Care Unit of Thanh Hoa Provincial General Hospital from February to June 2021. A pre-designed patient interview questionnaire, adapted from the study by Quach Chi Dong on evaluating nursing care activities, was utilized.

Results: The average age of patients was 59.56 ± 16.13 years. Among them, 65.7% were male, and 43.3% were farmers. A total of 92.7% of patients highly appreciated the psychological and emotional support provided by nurses. The rate at which nurses verified patients' names and ages and provided full explanations before administering medication was 99.6%.

Conclusion: According to patient feedback, nursing care met the essential requirements.

26. QUALITY OF INPATIENT SERVICES IN CHAU THANH DISTRICT HEALTH CENTER, LONG AN PROVINCE IN 2023

Nguyen Thi Minh, Duong Minh Duc, Vo Le Dai Hau, Bui Thi Phuong, Pham Ngoc Toan — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Service quality is a crucial factor influencing patients' decisions to utilize medical services. This study aims to describe the service quality of the inpatient care in the studied hospital.

Methods: We employed a cross-sectional design (mixed-methods approach using quantitative and qualitative surveys) in the three clinical faculties of Chau Thanh District Health Center in 2023. The quantitative survey was done using a self-administered interview with 300 inpatients. A qualitative survey was conducted with 26 informants, comprising two in-depth interviews and four focus group discussions with health providers and inpatients.

Findings: Quality service is assessed at a reasonable level, with an average score of 4.03 points, and a rate of good or better evaluations of 73.8%. All five dimensions have an average service quality of over 3.96 points. The two dimensions with the lowest points were empathy (3.97 points with 76% rating as good or better) and tangible means (3.96 points with 76% rating as good or better). The remaining three dimensions were rated higher, specifically responsiveness (4.09 points, with 78.7% rating as good or better), assurance (4.08 points, with 76% rating as good or better), and reliability (4.06 points, with 79% rating as good or better).

Conclusion: The quality is good, as assessed by the patient. The study results recommend developing a plan to recruit human resources, utilizing an online app for patient counseling and communication, and providing incentives for highly specialized staff.

27. PATIENT SAFETY CULTURE IN LONG AN GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2023

T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Patient Safety Culture (PSC) is one of the priorities for intervention in the healthcare environment aimed at the principle of “doing no harm to patients”. This study aims to assess the current situation of PSC at Long An General Hospital, Long An Province, in 2023.

Methods: We applied a cross-sectional design to conduct online, self-administered interviews with all 187 health providers at Long An General Hospital. We used HSOPSC-VN2015 to evaluate the PSC of the hospital.

Findings: The positive response rate of PSC was 71.4%. Out of the total 12 dimensions of PSC, six dimensions achieved a positive rate of 75% or higher. In contrast, the three dimensions with the lowest positive response rate were Staffing (56.1%), Nonpunitive Response to Error (55.6%), followed by Communication Openness (61.3%).

Conclusion: The positive rate of PSC was 71.4% at Long An General Hospital. The study results recommend strengthening training and providing knowledge about PSC for all health staff, especially new staff; improving hospital infrastructure, including medical facilities and equipment; and developing a policy to support medical error reporting.

28. PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF THE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF HFLC IN DIFFERENTIATING DENGUE FEVER FROM OTHER FEBRILE ILLNESSES

T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Abstract: Dengue fever (DF) remains a primary global health concern. High Fluorescence Lymphocyte Count (HFLC) reflects the immune response to infection by quantifying antibody-secreting cells (ASC), such as plasmablasts/plasma cells. ASCs are known to increase markedly in dengue compared to other febrile illnesses (OFIs).

Objective: This study aimed to preliminarily evaluate the diagnostic value of HFLC in distinguishing dengue fever from other febrile illnesses.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 317 patients presenting with fever on admission. Clinical features and laboratory parameters, including HFLC# and HFLC%, were collected. Patients were categorized into the dengue infection (DI) group (n = 267) and the OFI group (n = 50).

Results: The DI group had significantly higher median HFLC# (0.11 G/L) and HFLC% (5.2%) compared to the OFI group (0.01 G/L and 0.20%, respectively; p < 0.001). ROC analysis showed good diagnostic performance, with AUCs of 0.794 (HFLC#) and 0.842 (HFLC%). A cut-off value of 0.025 G/L for HFLC# yielded 70.4% sensitivity and 78.0% specificity. For HFLC%, a threshold of 0.75% resulted in 70.8% sensitivity and 88.0% specificity.

Conclusion: HFLC demonstrates potential as a rapid and accessible marker for differentiating dengue fever from other febrile illnesses in clinical practice.

29. CLINICAL AND RADIOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF UNILATERAL MANDIBULAR CONDYLAR FRACTURES

Nguyen Hung Thang, Dinh Thi Hong Hanh, Huynh Van Duong — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To describe the clinical and radiographic characteristics of patients with unilateral mandibular condylar fractures.

Subjects and Methods: This prospective descriptive study included 40 patients aged 16 years and older with unilateral mandibular condylar fractures who underwent open reduction and internal fixation. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling from July 2024 to April 2025 at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, National Hospital of Odonto-Stomatology, Ho Chi Minh City, and Military Hospital 175.

Results:

Among the 40 patients with unilateral mandibular condylar fractures, males accounted for 75%, with traffic accidents as the leading cause (92.5%). Clinically, preauricular tenderness was present in 85% of cases, limited mouth opening in 80%, and malocclusion in 70%. Radiographically, fractures on the posterior condylar process (52.5%) and subcondylar region (55%) were most common. Isolated condylar fractures represented 15% of cases, while the majority (85%) had associated mandibular fractures, most frequently involving the symphysis (52.5%). According to displacement classification, 52.5% of fractures were classified as type II, and 35% were classified as type III.

Conclusion:

The study highlights the predominance of traffic-related trauma and the high incidence of type II and III displacements in unilateral mandibular condylar fractures. These findings enhance current understanding of injury distribution patterns and provide a basis for selecting appropriate treatment approaches tailored to fracture characteristics.

30. EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PHYSIOTHERAPY IN MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN AND JOINT PAIN PATIENTS OF LEVEL 2 FIELD HOSPITAL NO. 6

T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of physiotherapy in managing musculoskeletal and joint pain at Vietnam’s Level 2 Field Hospital No. 6.

Subjects and Methods: A total of 109 outpatients with musculoskeletal or joint pain were enrolled and treated with physiotherapy, involving at least three of the following techniques: shortwave therapy, therapeutic ultrasound, electrical stimulation, acupuncture, and infrared light therapy. Each patient underwent a minimum of 10 treatment sessions. Pain levels were assessed using the Visual Pain Scale (VPS) at three time points: Day 0 (baseline), Day 5, and Day 10.

Results: Pain levels significantly decreased over time, with mean VPS scores reducing from 6.34 ± 1.77 (Day 0) to 4.09 ± 1.41 (Day 5), and further to 1.21 ± 1.13 (Day 10) (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). No adverse effects were reported.

Conclusion: Multimodal physiotherapy proved to be an effective and safe approach in alleviating musculoskeletal and joint pain in the resource-constrained setting of a field hospital.

31. EVALUATING COMPLIANCE WITH FOOD SAFETY AND HYGIENE PROCEDURES AT THE KITCHEN OF LEVEL-2 FIELD HOSPITAL NO. 6 – SOUTH SUDAN

T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This study was conducted to assess the level of compliance and effectiveness of food safety and hygiene (FSH) procedures at the kitchen of Level-2 Field Hospital No. 6 (L.2FHN.6) in Bentiu, South Sudan.

Subjects and Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional descriptive design. The subjects included the entire system of processes related to food hygiene and safety at the kitchen of L.2FHN.6, observed from January 1 to April 30, 2025.

Results: All 24 kitchen staff members achieved 100% compliance in all personal hygiene criteria. In the food preparation and processing group, two criteria — “no cross-contamination between raw and cooked food” and “separate zones and utensils for raw and cooked food”-reached 100% compliance. In contrast, “retaining food samples” had 0% compliance, indicating a significant shortcoming. Regarding cold storage, three criteria achieved full compliance, while refrigerator stability reached 91.67%. For input material management, three out of four criteria were met (100%), with visual inspection of incoming goods slightly lower (95.83%). Food consumption behavior and pest control achieved 100% compliance across all five evaluated criteria.

Conclusion: The results confirm high compliance levels in personal hygiene, food storage, and pest control at L.2FHN.6. However, notable issues remain in retaining post-processing food samples and stabilizing the cold chain to ensure overall food safety.

32. EFFICACY OF THE “DƯỠNG NHAN” HERBAL FACIAL MASK IN TREATING MELASMA IN WOMEN AT THE DERMATOLOGY DEPARTMENT – TUE TINH HOSPITAL, 2024

Nguyen Thi Phuong — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the “Dưỡng Nhan” herbal facial mask in treating melasma in women at the Dermatology Department – Tue Tinh Hospital in 2024.

Subjects and Methods: This was a clinical interventional study conducted on 30 female patients with melasma at Tue Tinh Hospital from March to August 2024. The therapeutic outcomes of the “Dưỡng Nhan” herbal mask were evaluated based on clinical and paraclinical indicators, as well as assessments of adverse effects.

Results: After 12 weeks of treatment, the mean MASI score significantly decreased from 6.68 to 3.25, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001), while the L* value (indicating skin brightness) showed a marked increase. Clinically, 86.6% of patients showed good to excellent improvement. The rate of adverse reactions was very low, with only one case (3.3%) experiencing mild irritation, which resolved completely. Notably, 90% of the patients reported satisfaction and felt confident during the treatment process.

Conclusion: The “Dưỡng Nhan” herbal facial mask is a safe and effective therapy for improving skin pigmentation in melasma after 12 weeks of use. This herbal formulation presents high potential for clinical application and offers a new direction in the development of traditional medicine-based skincare products.

33. EVALUATION OF EARLY OUTCOMES OF LAPAROSCOPIC LOW ANTERIOR RESECTION WITH STAPLED ANASTOMOSIS FOR RECTAL CANCER AT MILITARY HOSPITAL 175

T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To evaluate the early outcomes of laparoscopic segmental colectomy and stapled anastomosis for rectal cancer treatment at Military Hospital 175.

Subjects and Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design, incorporating both retrospective and prospective data collection, conducted at Military Hospital 175 from January 2023 to May 2025. The study included 72 patients diagnosed with rectal cancer who underwent laparoscopic segmental colectomy using stapling devices.

Results:

A total of 72 patients underwent laparoscopic rectal resection with a mean age of 62.7 ± 9.7 years and a mean BMI of 24.3 ± 2.1 kg/m². Most patients were classified as stage III (58.3%), with 69.5% presenting T3 tumors. The average operative time was 166.7 ± 50.7 minutes, which correlated significantly with disease stage (p = 0.048). Gastrointestinal function recovered early, with mean times to flatus, oral intake, and defecation of 2.26, 2.25, and 2.6 days, respectively. Early postoperative complications occurred in 7.0% of patients, all of whom were managed conservatively. The mean hospital stay was 7.62 days.

Conclusion:

Laparoscopic rectal resection demonstrated favorable short-term outcomes, including early gastrointestinal recovery, low complication rates, and acceptable operative times, supporting its clinical applicability in rectal cancer management

34. CURRENT SITUATION OF HYPERTENSION PATIENT MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT IN BAT XAT DISTRICT, LAO CAI PROVINCE, IN 2020

Pham Van Thinh , Duong Thai Hiep, Nguyen Thi Trang Nhung — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To describe the current situation of hypertension patient management and treatment at commune health stations in Bat Xat district, Lao Cai province, in 2020.

Subjects and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, retrospectively reviewing 510 records/patient files of hypertension patients undergoing treatment at 20 commune health stations, while also collecting secondary data related to hypertension management and treatment activities in Bat Xat district from June 2019 to September 2020. Results: The study highlighted several strengths in hypertension (HTN) management at commune health stations, with 100% of stations having sufficient medical staff and equipment, as well as 100% of staff being trained and patient records being established. However, the stations still face significant challenges such as a shortage of essential medicines and operational funding. Although the target blood pressure achievement rate was 66.9% for both groups, the HTN detection rate through screening was low, and the establishment of outpatient medical records was limited in the group without WHO support. The results showed that HTN management activities were significantly better in communes with WHO support, while also emphasizing the role of factors such as policies, funding, and organizational models in the effectiveness of disease management.

Conclusion: The management of hypertension at commune health stations has strengths in human resources and facilities, but still faces many limitations in funding and medication. The WHO plays a crucial role in ensuring operational effectiveness.

35. PREVALENCE OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI REINFECTION AND SOME ASSOCIATED FACTORS: AN OVERVIEW

Dinh Linh Trang, Hoang Thi Hai Van — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To summarize evidence and provide an overview of the prevalence of H. pylori reinfection and describe some associated factors.

Subject and method: This scoping review was conducted by systematically searching PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar for relevant studies published up to May 2024. Additional records were identified through manual reference checks. Studies were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and key data were extracted and synthesized narratively.

Results: A total of 40 studies were included, reporting annual reinfection rates of H. pylori that ranged from 0.8% to 29.8%, with higher rates observed in developing regions. Factors associated with reinfection included young age, low socioeconomic status, crowded living conditions, household exposure to infected individuals, poor hygiene practices, specific treatment regimens, and comorbidities. Preventive interventions reported in the literature encompassed hygiene education, community-based screening, and adjustments to eradication regimens.

Conclusion: H. pylori reinfection remains a significant public health concern, particularly in low-resource settings. Effective and context-specific preventive strategies are crucial to improving long-term eradication outcomes.

36. OUTCOMES OF INTERNAL FIXATION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PELVIC FRACTURES AT BACH MAI HOSPITAL

Nguyen Anh Dung, Ha Duc Cuong, Dang Nhat Quang, Pham Ngoc Truong — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Pelvic fractures are severe injuries associated with a high mortality rate due to shock and hemorrhage, particularly in cases of unstable fractures. Internal fixation surgery plays a critical role in restoring both anatomical structure and functional integrity.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of internal fixation in the treatment of pelvic fractures at Bach Mai Hospital and to identify factors influencing surgical results.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Bach Mai Hospital, involving 30 patients with pelvic fractures who met the surgical indication criteria and were eligible for inclusion. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.

Results: The study included 30 patients who underwent internal fixation for pelvic fractures at the Department of Orthopedic Trauma and Spine Surgery, Bach Mai Hospital. The mean patient age was 49.1 ± 17.2 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 3:2. The predominant cause of injury was traffic accidents. According to the AO classification, type B fractures accounted for the highest proportion (63.3%), while the most common injury mechanism, according to the Young–Burgess classification, was lateral compression (LC). Complications included internal iliac vein rupture (1 case, 3.3%), pressure ulcers (4 cases, 16.7%), superficial surgical site infection (1 case, 3.3%), and posterior tibial vein thrombosis (1 case, 3.3%). The mean operative time was 76.73 ± 26.15 minutes. Treatment outcomes were assessed using the Iowa Pelvic Score, Majeed Pelvic Score, and IIEF, indicating favorable recovery; the average IIEF score was consistent with the published literature.

Conclusion: Internal fixation for pelvic fractures yields good recovery outcomes with a low rate of complications when appropriately indicated and technically well-executed.

37. ENHANCING PATIENT AND FAMILY AWARENESS BEFORE SURGERY USING 3D-PRINTED INJURY MODELS IN THE TREATMENT OF COMPLEX PERI-ARTICULAR FRACTURES

Dang Hoang Giang, Le Van Luan, Pham Ngoc Truong — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Peri-articular fractures are common but complex injuries due to the unique anatomical characteristics of joints, such as narrow joint spaces, fragile cancellous bone prone to collapse, and multiple fracture fragments that complicate anatomical reconstruction. Post-treatment sequelae can significantly impact mobility and quality of life. Ensuring that patients and their families understand the extent of injury and the treatment plan is crucial for improving cooperation, reducing anxiety, and minimizing complaints. At Bach Mai Hospital, 3D printing technology—capable of accurately recreating fracture models at a 1:1 scale—was utilized for preoperative patient education, aiming to enhance surgical planning and patient care.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 14 patients with complex intra-articular fractures from February to October 2024. All patients underwent CT imaging with 3D reconstruction, followed by the printing of patient-specific fracture models used for preoperative education. Postoperatively, patient satisfaction was surveyed, and clinical and functional outcomes were assessed using joint-specific scoring systems.

Results and Discussion: 64% of patients were of working age, with road traffic and occupational accidents being the leading causes of injury. The 3D-printed models significantly enhanced communication, helping patients and their families better understand the condition and ask relevant questions. Over 90% expressed a desire for continued use of 3D models in future explanations, and 100% reported satisfaction with the treatment process. The mean surgical time was 79.4 ± 26.3 minutes. Only one case (7.2%) experienced a superficial infection, which was managed successfully. More than 90% of patients achieved good or excellent functional outcomes. Viewing and planning surgery with 3D models enabled surgeons to understand anatomy better, reduce operative time, and improve functional recovery.

Conclusions: The use of 3D-printed anatomical models enhances patients’ understanding of their injuries and treatment plans, improves satisfaction, and serves as an effective tool to support surgeons in managing complex peri-articular fractures.

38. STUDY ON DELIVERY METHODS AMONG FULL-TERM PRIMIPAROUS WOMEN AGED OVER 35 AT THAI NGUYEN NATIONAL HOSPITAL

Hoang Thi Ngoc Tram, Nguyen Tien Dung — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background: Primiparous women over 35 years old have a higher risk of pregnancy and delivery complications.

Objective: To study the delivery methods among full-term primiparous women aged over 35 at Thai Nguyen National Hospital in 2024.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 45 primiparous women aged 35 and above with singleton, live fetuses in cephalic presentation at term who delivered at Thai Nguyen National Hospital from January 1 to December 31, 2024.

Results: The mean maternal age was 37.8 ± 2.7 years, and the mean gestational age was 38 weeks and 3 days ± 1 week and 2 days. The majority of patients (88.9%) were admitted before labor onset. The cesarean section rate was 88.9%, while vaginal deliveries with episiotomy accounted for 11.1%.

Conclusion: The cesarean section rate is high among full-term primiparous women over 35 years old.

39. PATIENT DEMAND FOR PHARMACEUTICAL CARE SERVICES AT THE FAMILY MEDICINE CLINIC, PHAM NGOC THACH UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN 2023

T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Understanding patient demand for pharmaceutical care services is crucial for optimizing healthcare delivery, prompting a survey at the Family Medicine Clinic (FM).

Aim: Survey the demand for pharmaceutical care services at the FM, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine in 2023.

Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study. A convenience sample method was conducted from August 2022 to May 2023, involving 424 patients who underwent medical examinations at the FM, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine.

Results: Most patients required the use of pharmaceutical care services at the Clinic again, accounting for 86.8%. The level of demand expression is high in 3 groups of needs, specifically, the need to check the suitability of prescriptions, the need for drug information, and the need for counselling, accounting for the positive responses accounting for the positive responses with the average rate of 78.8%; 87.5% and 82.5%, correspondingly. There was a significant difference in the Clinic's need for pharmaceutical care services among patients of different age groups (p = 0.043).

Discussion: A significant difference was observed in the need for pharmaceutical care services among patients of different age groups, highlighting the importance of tailored approaches to meet the diverse needs of the patient population effectively. At the same time, the patient's satisfaction and demand for pharmaceutical care services account for a large proportion.

40. THE PREVALENCE OF ANXIETY DISORDERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR PATIENTS IN SÓC SƠN DISTRICT, HANOI IN 2023.

T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: This study aimed to describe the prevalence of anxiety disorders among patients with cardiovascular diseases in Soc Son District, Hanoi, in 2023.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 418 patients diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases who attended seven commune health stations in Soc Son District from June to July 2023. Anxiety symptoms were assessed using the DASS-21 scale.

Results: The prevalence of anxiety symptoms was 32.1%, with 35.1% classified as mild, 44.8% moderate, 14.9% severe, and 5.2% extremely severe. Common physical manifestations included dry mouth (11.5%), noticeable heartbeat (9.8%), and excessive sweating (9.6%).

Conclusion: Anxiety disorders are common among patients with cardiovascular diseases at the primary healthcare level. Early screening and appropriate interventions are crucial for improving treatment outcomes and enhancing patients’ quality of life.

41. RESULTS OF SKIN GRAFT SURGERY IN THE TREATMENT OF SOFT TISSUE DEFECTS DUE TO TRAUMA AT THE DEPARTMENT OF PLASTIC AND AESTHETIC SURGERY IN 2024

T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objectives: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of patients with soft tissue defects due to trauma. To evaluate the outcomes of skin graft surgery in the treatment of post-traumatic soft tissue defects at the Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Hanoi Medical University Hospital, in 2024.

Subjects and Methods: A prospective, descriptive, non-controlled study was conducted on 99 patients with soft tissue defects resulting from traffic accidents, occupational injuries, or domestic accidents. All patients underwent autologous skin grafting at the Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery between June and December 2024. Data were collected from medical records and postoperative follow-up and analyzed using descriptive statistical methods.

Results: Patients aged 20–60 accounted for the highest proportion (54.55%), with males representing 53.54%. The most common cause of injury was traffic accidents (59.6%). The most frequently affected sites were the foot (44.4%) and the lower leg (34.3%). Split-thickness skin grafts were more commonly used (60.61%). The reasonable graft survival rate was 91.92%, and wound healing mainly occurred within 8–12 days (66.67%). The complication rate was low (7.07%). After 3 months, 61.62% of patients had normal sensation at the graft site, and 62.63% had limited joint mobility.

Conclusion: Autologous skin grafting is an effective method for treating post-traumatic soft tissue defects, demonstrating a high graft survival rate, short healing time, and relatively good functional recovery. The findings support the improvement of clinical treatment protocols in plastic surgery departments.

42. THE SATISFACTION OF INPATIENTS WITH THE USE OF MEDICAL SERVICES AT TAM DAO DISTRICT MEDICAL CENTER, VINH PHUC PROVINCE, IN 2024.

T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objectives: Assessment of inpatients' satisfaction with medical services in clinical departments at Tam Dao District Medical Center in 2024.

Method: Cross-sectional descriptive study.

Results: The study, conducted on 218 participants at Tam Dao Medical Center, revealed an average age of 55.27 ± 15.72 years. Most participants lived in rural areas and used health insurance. The overall patient satisfaction rate with Tam Dao Medical Center was 89.4%. The highest satisfaction was related to the attitude and professionalism of medical staff (98.6%), while the lowest was for service outcomes (79.8%), with cost appropriateness rated the lowest (23.9%).

Conclusion: The overall patient satisfaction rate with Tam Dao Medical Center was high (89.4%). This result serves as an important foundation for implementing further measures to improve service quality particularly in infrastructure, health communication, and treatment effectiveness with the aim of achieving comprehensive patient satisfaction and providing dedicated care for the community.

43. ASSESSING CLINICAL NURSES' KNOWLEDGE ABOUT PERIPHERAL VENOUS THROMBOPHLEBITIS AT 108 MILITARY CENTRAL HOSPITAL IN 2024

Vu Ba Quynh, Phan Duy Nguyen — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To evaluate the knowledge of nurses in clinical departments about peripheral venous thrombophlebitis at 108 Military Central Hospital from March to April 2024.
Method: A survey of 217 nurses from 17 clinical departments was conducted using a quantitative research design and cross-sectional descriptive approach. Data were collected using an online questionnaire based on the tool developed by Lanbeck et al. Result: 81.6% of the surveyed nurses had some knowledge of peripheral venous thrombophlebitis; however, only 18% demonstrated a good understanding. Nurses who had participated in courses or training programs on peripheral venous thrombophlebitis had significantly better knowledge than those who had not.

Conclusion: Peripheral venous thrombophlebitis is a common complication of peripheral venous catheterization. Nurses’ knowledge of peripheral venous thrombophlebitis plays a crucial role in clinical practice. Therefore, nursing managers should focus on training to enhance skills in managing peripheral venous catheter care and preventing complications.

44. INPATIENT DISEASE PATTERNS AND THE TOP FIVE DIAGNOSES AT HA DONG GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2023

Hoang Thi Ut Trang, Pham Huy Tuan Kiet, Nguyen Thanh Vinh — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: The global disease pattern is continuously shifting, imposing a significant burden on healthcare systems. Ha Dong General Hospital is a Grade I hospital situated in the southwestern area of Hanoi, primarily serving insured patients. Analyzing the disease patterns among inpatients is essential for hospital planning and development, particularly as the hospital operates under the Group 2 financial autonomy model.

Objective: To describe the disease pattern among inpatients at Ha Dong General Hospital in 2023.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using retrospective data from electronic medical records stored at Ha Dong General Hospital between January 1 and December 31, 2023. Records that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were classified into 22 ICD-10 chapters and analyzed to identify the five most common diagnoses.

Results: In 2023, the hospital recorded 40,048 inpatient visits. The highest proportions of visits fell under Chapter XV: Pregnancy, Childbirth, and the Puerperium (17%) and Chapter I: Certain Infectious and Parasitic Diseases (16%). The five most common diagnoses were Dengue fever (10.64%), Pneumonia with unspecified organism (2.39%), Diabetes mellitus Type 2 (2.05%), Acute bronchitis (1.76%), and Other bacterial intestinal infections (1.55%).

Conclusion: The disease pattern among inpatients at Ha Dong General Hospital in 2023 demonstrates a double disease burden, characterized by increasing rates of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) alongside persistent infectious diseases. To address this trend, strategic adjustments in resource allocation and workforce development are essential. Additionally, enhancing chronic disease management models is critical to managing the growing population with NCDs effectively.

45. POSTOPERATIVE NUTRITIONAL KNOWLEDGE OF COLORECTAL CANCER PATIENTS AT VIET TIEP FRIENDSHIP HOSPITAL IN 2025

Le Duc Thuan, Tran Thi Hien, Dang Thi Thao My — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: Description of post-operative nutritional knowledge of colorectal cancer patients at Viet Tiep Friendship Hospital in 2025

Research methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study at the Oncology Center and the Department of Oncology Surgery - Palliative Care, An Dong facility, Viet Tiep Friendship Hospital in 2025.

Results: Cancer patients need a diverse diet to ensure adequate and balanced nutrition, which is essential for supporting the body's vital functions and maintaining good health during treatment. However, only 66.7% of patients agree with this viewpoint, while the remaining 33.3% believe that it is not necessary to eat a variety of foods.

Most patients demonstrate a good understanding of the need to supplement their nutrition (76.2%) and to avoid fatty foods (77.1%). Additionally, a significant majority recognizes the importance of drinking enough water (97.1%) to aid in recovery. However, knowledge about eating a variety of foods is still relatively low at 66.7%, and only 51.4% understand the need to avoid red meat.

Furthermore, understanding of vitamin and mineral supplements is limited, with only 40% knowledgeable about them. Similarly, many patients (61.9%) disagree with the benefits of whole grains, and a substantial 56.2% do not consider omega-3 essential to their diet.

Conclusion: Patients' nutritional knowledge was limited, particularly regarding the role of whole grains (38.1%), omega-3 or EPA (43.8%), and micronutrients (40%). In contrast, awareness about the importance of drinking enough water (97.1%) and the need to limit fatty foods (77.1%) was significantly higher. These gaps in knowledge underscore the necessity for comprehensive nutrition education programs to improve patient awareness.

46. CURRENT STATUS OF BALANCE IMPAIRMENT IN POST-STROKE PATIENTS

T5, 07 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: To investigate the current status of balance impairment in post-stroke patients. Methods: This study included 32 post-stroke patients who met all inclusion criteria and were undergoing treatment at Hai Duong Rehabilitation Hospital from January 2024 to July 2024. Participants were assessed by using the Berg Balance Test and clinical features (static and dynamic sitting balance, static and dynamic standing balance, range of motion, muscle tone).

Results: Mostpost-stroke patients experienced balance issues with varying rates of: 53.1% high-level balance impairment, 40.6% moderate impairment, and only 6.3% intact balance. The primary impairment included standing balance, with 46.9% of participants presenting poor performance in both dynamic and static standing. Otherwise, sitting balance was less affected, with over 50% demonstrating normal or good balance.

Conclusion: Balance should be assessed in all post-stroke patients. Early intervention for balance status to improve mobility and quality of life for stroke survivors significantly.

47. EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT ON DAILY LIVING ACTIVITIES IN ELDERLY PATIENTS AT BACH MAI HOSPITAL'S REHABILITATION CENTER IN 2025

Nguyen Thi Thu Trang, Vu Thi Loan — T6, 08 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Objective: (1) To describe the characteristics of cognitive impairment in elderly patients undergoing treatment at Bach Mai Hospital's Rehabilitation Center in 2025; (2) To analyze the impact of cognitive impairment on daily living activities in elderly patients at Bach Mai Hospital's Rehabilitation Center in 2025.

Research methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Bach Mai Hospital's Rehabilitation Center.

Research results: The study revealed that 62.5% of elderly patients at the center experienced cognitive impairment, primarily of a mild degree. Notably, the 60-69 age group showed the highest prevalence of cognitive impairment, reflecting a trend of the condition affecting younger elderly individuals. Furthermore, a clear correlation emerged: the more severe the cognitive impairment, the higher the level of dependence in daily activities, with 70% of cognitively impaired patients exhibiting severe reliance. This confirms that cognitive impairment significantly impacts the independence of elderly patients.

Conclusion: Cognitive impairment has a direct and strong link with daily living function. The more cognitive impairment, the more severely the ability to perform daily activities was affected, leading to a higher level of dependence.

48. HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED AMONG THE ELDERLY LIVING IN URBAN VIETNAM

Duong Anh Thy, Cao Nguyen Hoai Thuong, Tran Minh Thai, Phung Khanh Lam — T6, 08 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Population aging is a significant challenge for Vietnam, particularly in urban areas, where the proportion of elderly individuals is increasing. Describing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and associated factors in the context of this aging process plays a crucial role in shaping future elderly care services and policies. The aim of this study is to measure HRQoL and identify related factors among elderly individuals (aged ≥60) living in urban areas of Vietnam.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Ward 16, District 8, one of the most populous wards in Ho Chi Minh City. HRQoL was measured using the EuroQol-5 dimensions-5 levels (EQ-5D-5L) instrument. A convenience sampling technique was employed with a sample frame of 2,447 elderly individuals. A total of 387 elderly individuals were selected from this sample frame between March and April 2021. Inclusion criteria: individuals aged ≥60 years living in Ward 16 at the time of the study and who agreed to participate. Exclusion criteria: elderly individuals with mental health issues, those unable to answer independently, or those with missing information for any of the five domains (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression).

Results: The EQ-5D-5L index of older people had a median of 0.931 (IQR 0.847-1.000); the EQ VAS score had a median of 70 (IQR 60-80). The mean EQ-5D-5L index was 0.884 (SD = 0.18); the mean EQ VAS score was 72.14 (SD = 15.51). The study found a correlation between age group, sex, education, income-generating work, self-rated economic status, and most health issues with HRQoL.

Conclusion: The results of this study serve as a reference for public health programs supporting the elderly population, particularly in urban areas. Furthermore, elderly individuals will have a clearer understanding of their HRQoL and be able to implement appropriate personal solutions to improve their HRQoL.

49. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS, TREATMENT OUTCOMES, AND RELATED FACTORS OF SATISFACTION IN ACNE PATIENTS TREATED WITH CO2 LASER COMBINED WITH TOPICAL REJU WHITE SERUM

T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background: Acne vulgaris is the most prevalent, accounting for 99% of all cases of acne. The recent advancements exploring the role of CO₂ lasers are considered a new shift towards more personalized and effective acne treatment protocols.

Objectives: To investigate the satisfaction of patients with acne vulgaris being treated by CO₂ laser in combination with Reju White serum at FOB International Cosmetic Dermatological Institute in 2024-2025.

Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on 99 patients diagnosed with acne vulgaris and treated at FOB International Cosmetic Dermatological Institute. The clinical manifestations, adverse effects, and treatment outcomes were analyzed. The primary treatment modality was CO₂ laser combined with Reju White serum.

Results: 67,7% of patients were female, and the most common age group was 20-29 years (47,5%). Oily skin was the predominant skin type (61.6%), and the majority of patients (81.8%) had a disease duration of more than one year. After six weeks of treatment, 86.9% of patients showed good clinical improvement, and 13.1% showed moderate improvement. All patients were satisfied with the treatment; among them, 84.8% were very satisfied. Among the identified factors, treatment outcomes and treatment costs were statistically significant factors influencing patient satisfaction, with a coefficient of determination R² = 0.556 and a significance level of p < 0.05.

Conclusion: The combination of CO₂ laser and Reju White serum demonstrates good results in treating acne vulgaris, with minimal side effects. The majority of patients expressed high satisfaction with the treatment.

50. PRACTICE REGARDING HIV/AIDS PREVENTION OF THE PUPILS IN NAMKEUNG HIGH SCHOOL, TONPHEUNG DISTRICT, BOKEO PROVINCE, LAO IN 2023

Vo Truong Giap, Duong Minh Duc, Touada Yang — T6, 15 Th08 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: The study aims to describe the practice regarding HIV/AIDS prevention of the pupils in Namkeung high school in Lao 2023 and its related factors.

Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted through a self-administered questionnaire on all 357 pupils in Namkeung High School

Results: The rate of pupils with good practice regarding HIV/AIDS prevention was 51.1%. This 'good practice' was determined based on a set of criteria that included factors such as the number of sexual partners, sexual intercourse with high-risk groups, condom use, and substance use. Regarding associated factors, grade 12^th pupils were 4.5 times more likely to practice HIV/AIDS prevention well than grade 10^th pupils (72.7% vs. 37.2%; OR=4.5; 95% CI: 1.5-13.8; p<0.05). Pupils with good GPA were 3.4 times more likely to practice HIV/AIDS prevention than pupils with average GPA (64.9% vs. 35.1%; OR=3.4; 95% CI: 1.4- 8.7; p<0.05).

Conclusions: The rate of pupils with good practice regarding HIV/AIDS was low. The study underscores the critical need for targeted education and early intervention. It recommends that school teachers should coordinate closely with parents in sex education in official lectures, extracurricular activities, classes, and club seminars. These strategies are crucial for improving prevention practices among high school pupils.